Reflecting on his journey, Tien Dao Cu Minh recounted a pivotal moment when he grappled with profound existential questions: “What am I here for? What is my purpose?” It was through this introspection that he realized the imperative to initiate personal change and commit to the path of practice. He emphasized the profound impact of collective effort, noting that while individual progress may seem daunting, the support of a community can surmount any obstacle.

Following his presentation, attendees engaged in a lively discussion, posing questions and sharing insights on the subject matter. Among them, Buddhist Phuoc Ngoc queried the relevance of mindfulness in daily activities, wondering whether multitasking, such as working while reciting prayers, detracted from the practice. Tien Dao Cu Minh offered a simple yet profound analogy, likening the integration of mindfulness into daily tasks to the instinctual nature of driving a car: once practiced, it becomes effortless, allowing for seamless engagement in both tasks.

Another attendee inquired about the tradition of bhikkhu ordination in Japan, to which Tien Dao Cu Minh affirmed its existence, underscoring the continuity of Buddhist practices across different cultural contexts. In this exchange, Tien Dao Cu Minh ‘s insights not only shed light on the practical application of Buddhist principles but also highlighted the universality of spiritual teachings in navigating life’s complexities.

The subsequent session featured Venerable Thich An Giao, the Head of the Thien An Zen Center in Lucerne Valley, CA, delving into the theme of “Empty Pagoda, Silent Bell.” Drawing on the wisdom passed down by his predecessors, he underscored the importance of focusing on the youth in our society. An essential aspect of this, he emphasized, is providing educational classes in English, a language accessible to the younger generation. This, however, necessitates that teachers themselves become proficient in English. Otherwise, warned Venerable An Giao, we may wake up one day to find our temples bereft of occupants, as the youth veer off in different directions.

Venerable An Giao articulated a poignant concern: while the younger generation may not necessarily align with the religious practices of their forebears, offering teachings in a language they understand enables them to grasp the essence of the message. He illustrated this with a compelling example, suggesting that even if one may not resonate with the prayers they recite, understanding them in English fosters a deeper connection to truth.

The prospect of temples falling silent due to a lack of successors loomed large in Venerable An Giao’s discourse, serving as a sobering reminder of the imperative to adapt and engage with the evolving needs of society. Following his presentation, participants engaged in a spirited exchange, posing questions and brainstorming ideas to address the challenges raised by Venerable An Giao.

Question 1 was directed at how to engage young people in temple activities. The response highlighted the importance of integrating teachings into everyday life, suggesting that imparting catechism alongside nourishment could prove effective. In response to Question 2 regarding the efficacy of this approach, Venerable An Giao affirmed his efforts but stressed the necessity of collective action. He emphasized that tackling the challenges of empty pagodas and silent bells requires a concerted effort from every individual, family, and temple.

Furthermore, Venerable An Giao advocated for a pragmatic approach, urging individuals to discard unrealistic notions and embrace Buddhism as a practical, scientifically sound philosophy that resonates with their needs and interests. He emphasized the importance of creating a welcoming environment within temples, ensuring that children feel at ease and included in the community. In essence, Venerable An Giao underscored that addressing the issue of dwindling temple attendance requires both individual commitment and communal collaboration, alongside an approach that resonates with the practicalities of modern life.

The subsequent presentation was delivered by Speaker Jordan Baskerville, from the University of Wisconsin-Madison. The topic at hand was “Education and Social Change: Program Goals at the United Nations International Academy Network of Emergent Buddhism.” Baskerville’s discourse centered on introducing the engaged Buddhism program at the INEB Institute, with the overarching aim of demonstrating that by acknowledging the root causes of suffering, much of which stems from societal conflicts, tangible change is achievable.

The educational approach adopted by the INEB Institute intertwines guided meditation for personal growth with instruction on global economics and political structures. This holistic method not only offers insight into Buddha’s teachings but also provides a clear lens through which to understand their relevance in today’s world. The emphasis lies on both individual transformation and collective action as avenues to alleviate suffering, aligning with the teachings of Buddha.

Upon concluding his presentation, Baskerville fielded questions from the audience. The first query pertained to the instructors at the INEB Institute and the possibility of fostering collaboration with the Bo De Phat Quoc Institute, a school catering to young people. In response, it was affirmed that the INEB Institute is keen on building bridges and fostering connections with other institutions.The second question probed the potential acceptance of Buddhism among Americans in the future. Baskerville’s affirmative response underscored the notion that societal attitudes are evolving, paving the way for greater acceptance and understanding of Buddhist principles within American culture.

In sum, Baskerville’s presentation shed light on the transformative potential of engaged Buddhism and the role of education in effecting social change, while also fostering dialogue and collaboration within the broader Buddhist community.

The speaker commenced his address with the quote, “Buddhism is an intellectual education, not a religion. We should not worship Buddha but should respect Buddha as a teacher. It is the Buddha’s teachings that help us leave suffering and achieve happiness.” This quote has profoundly influenced the Speaker’s faith in Buddhist education.

According to the Speaker, Buddhist education begins with the second verse of the Dhammapada: “The mind leads all dharmas, the mind is the master, the mind creates. If with a pure mind, speak or act, peace follows behind, like a shadow, never leaving the image.” This sutra illustrates that happiness originates from within, not from external sources.

Furthermore, the speaker offered numerous examples to demonstrate that true happiness emanates from internal sources. He underscored the integration of traditional Buddhist principles with modern educational approaches as indicative of the conventional truth. Nevertheless, he stressed the importance of recognizing the ultimate truth alongside this conventional understanding. Ultimately, he concluded by affirming that Buddhist education encompasses the development of wisdom at both the ultimate and conventional levels.

After the speaker concluded his presentation, the audience engaged in a discussion, posing questions and sharing opinions on the topic for the speaker to address.

One of the questions raised by Monk Thich Nu Tien Lien pertained to the prerequisites for enrollment in the Buddhist Chaplaincy major at the University of the West, the required number of credits, and potential career prospects upon graduation. The professor responded by explaining that the curriculum for Chaplaincy comprises 72 college units. Graduates of the Buddhist chaplaincy program can pursue employment opportunities in various sectors, including schools, non-profit organizations, and even the military. He further elaborated that approximately 25% of graduates find employment in hospitals, another 25% in non-profit associations, 25% in the military, and the remaining 25% in other fields such as educational institutions.

Another question was posed by Thich Nguyen Tam, who inquired about the poet To Dong Pha and sought an explanation for the two verses: “The stream with its roar is a long and wide tongue. The majestic mountain is the awakened form of Buddha.” In response, the speaker provided a general interpretation, explaining that the poem illustrates the concept of Buddha’s nature and the truth of liberation.

Next on the agenda is the discussion topic titled “Spiritual Involvement and Development in Buddhist Education” led by Professor Jitsujo Gauthier, a Buddhist Chaplain from the University of the West. Professor Gauthier, an American practitioner in the Japanese tradition, was drawn to Buddhism in 2003 following her father’s passing from cancer. With over 17 years of Buddhist practice, she brings a wealth of experience to her presentation. The structure of her presentation comprises three main parts:

• Outlining Buddhist education in the information age.
• Providing an overview of Buddhist Chaplaincy.
• Presenting the Department of Buddhist Chaplaincy and the Doctor of Buddhist Studies degree offered to monks and graduate students at the University of the West.

Professor Gauthier pointed out that our society is currently inundated with information technology culture in numerous aspects. How do we adhere to the teachings and principles amidst the chaos of the information age? She emphasized that Buddhist education in this era can reshape our perception of temples, monasteries, Buddhist centers, and the Sangha. After Professor Gauthier concluded her presentation, the audience engaged in a discussion, posing questions and sharing insights related to the topic for her to address.

A Buddhist attendee posed a question: “Does the Buddhist Chaplaincy Department at The University of the West cover fundamental doctrines like Cause and Effect, Karma, and Merit?” Professor Gauthier replied, “The program primarily focuses on advanced vocabulary and is tailored for postgraduate and doctoral levels and above. It assumes that foundational concepts have been previously learned or acquired through practical experience.” Another participant, Buddhist Phuoc Ngoc, raised concerns about the relatively high tuition fees. “Are there any assistance programs available for retirees who wish to enroll?” Professor Gauthier assured, “As an accredited institution offering various degree programs at the bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral levels, there are numerous government scholarship opportunities and financial aid options available. Retirees and other students can apply for these programs to alleviate the financial burden.”

Another inquiry came from the attendees, “Professor mentioned that some students focus on practical topics related to daily life. Is there a necessity to engage with young people in this regard?” Professor Gauthier responded, “Given the nature of this program, an approach geared towards practicality is indeed essential.” Additionally, she clarified that chaplains are not advocates of violence; their mission is to alleviate people’s suffering. Therefore, the approach is not contradictory to Buddhist principles. Empathy and compassion serve as indispensable qualities for chaplains to understand and share the emotions of others effectively.

Furthermore, “The Impact of Digital Technology on Buddhist Education” was presented by Professor Miroj Shakya, Professor of the Department of Religious Studies and collaborator of the Sanskrit Tripitaka Digitization Project at the University of the West. Professor Shakya delved into the profound influence of technology on Buddhist education in the digital era, highlighting both its positive and negative aspects. While new scientific advancements have undeniably expanded educational opportunities, transforming the study of Buddhism, scholars and students have yet to fully harness these technological resources. Therefore, there is a pressing need for more preparatory classes to equip students with the skills to effectively utilize technology in their studies.

The subsequent topic introduced Nalanda Buddhist University (427 – 1197 C.E.), followed by an exploration of the educational methodologies employed at this ancient institution. Additionally, there was a discourse on contemporary approaches to Buddhist education abroad. This presentation served as a significant highlight for the International Buddhist Education Conference, as it showcased the remarkable achievements of Nalanda University during the 5th century. Despite primitive and limited technological resources, the institution attracted tens of thousands of students and professors. These discussions instilled a profound sense of belief among attendees in the pivotal role of education, both in general and within the context of Buddhist education, as an indispensable precursor to societal development.

During this presentation, a thought-provoking question arose from the Director: “With such an expansive perimeter and impressive structure, how was economic sustenance managed?” This query was both practical and pertinent. The response provided was clear-cut: the esteemed Buddhist University received financial backing from contemporary dynasties. The Director’s question struck a chord with all attendees, carrying implications for the future trajectory of Buddhist education in the United States.

The subsequent discussion focused on the topic of “PAST AND PRESENT BUDDHISM CURRICULUM,” presented by Nun Tinh Quang. In her discourse, the nun articulated two primary concepts: firstly, the imperative of aligning the propagation of Dharma and education with contemporary fundamentals, circumstances, and methodologies, termed as New Buddhism; secondly, she provided a succinct overview of the trajectory of Buddhist education in Vietnam from its inception to the present day. Despite the constraints of time, Nun Tinh Quang endeavored to condense for the audience a comprehensive overview of the continuum and legacy inherent in the evolution of Buddhist education in Vietnam. Particularly noteworthy was the zenith reached by Van Hanh University in the 1960s, underscoring the hope that insights gleaned from this Workshop will inform the future compilation of textbooks for Bo De Phat Quoc.

Following Nun Tinh Quang’s presentation, Ven. Thanh Nguyen elucidated on the topic of “THREE PRINCIPLES OF BUDDHISM EDUCATION“, positing that successful education must adhere to three foundational principles:

• Who are my students? (Understanding the student’s level)
• What do they need? (Identifying the students’ requirements)
• What do We want them to learn? (Defining the learning objectives)

As a young monk distributing the Dharma’s understanding overseas, Ven. Thanh Nguyen offered a fresh perspective on the future of Buddhist education. His presentation was deemed elaborate and innovative, aiming to encourage contemporary practitioners in Buddhist education to align with the authentic principles of Dharma while catering to the needs and trends of modern society. It is essential that the Dharma concepts translate into practical and beneficial initiatives for people in the present era. By diligently applying these principles, Buddhist education can undoubtedly reach its zenith in the present time.

During this discussion, Nun Tien Lien posed an intriguing question: “Do you employ the method of comparing life and religion? Have you conducted any research to ascertain the needs of young people, enabling monks and nuns to address them effectively?” In response, Ven. Thanh Nguyen acknowledged the significance of the query, acknowledging the existence of a generation gap. He admitted to not having researched this topic yet, highlighting the necessity of a collaborative research project involving multiple stakeholders.

Additionally, Master Hanh Tue from Phat Da Pagoda prepared a presentation titled “Some Suggestions for the Direction of Vietnamese Buddhist Education in the United States.” However, due to prior commitments, Master Hanh Tue could not attend the conference in person. Nonetheless, he sent in his research, which was presented to the audience by Master Minh Hanh. The paper served as a comprehensive guide for establishing an ideal educational framework. Master Hanh Tue’s discussion revolved around five fundamental inquiries:

1. Target audience
2. Purpose
3. Curriculum Content
4. Participant benefits
5. Study environment

These recommendations are indispensable for the teachers on the Board of Directors of the Bo De Phat Quoc Institute to explore and integrate into the future model of Buddhist education.

The subsequent speaker at the Conference was Master Minh Khanh, who addressed the topic: “WHAT ARE THE TEACHINGS OF THE BUDDHA?” The question posed by Master Minh Khanh to the congregation was how we can accurately discern the teachings of the Buddha, thereby avoiding confusion and misunderstandings that may result in erroneous perceptions and practices. The master outlined six characteristics of the Buddhist Dharma to facilitate the accurate recognition of the Buddha’s teachings:

1. Effective Dharma dissemination
2. Practical Dharma guidance applicability in the present
3. Perpetuity
4. Invitation to firsthand experience
5. Capacity for guiding spiritual growth
6. Intelligibility to discerning minds

During the discussion question regarding the six characteristics, “In your opinion, which one is most applicable for today’s era?” Ven. Minh Khanh responded, “We assert that the Buddha’s teachings are intended to provide guidance for life, drawing from the wisdom found in the Sutras, rather than simply fitting life into the confines of the Sutras.”

The final and pivotal speaker on the inaugural day of the conference was Ven. Thich Huyen Chau, the director of the Bo De Phat Quoc Institute and the head of the conference organizing committee. He addressed the topic: “BUILDING A BUDDHISM UNIVERSITY IN AMERICA: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES.” With fervor and determination, the Director articulated the vision for establishing Buddhism in foreign lands. During his speech, he outlined five opportunities and six challenges that must be surmounted to establish a Vietnamese Buddhist University in America, meeting American standards, within the next 6 to 10 years.

The Director’s unwavering commitment to sacrifice everything to achieve this goal deeply resonated with the entire audience, evoking profound emotions and admiration. He expressed his readiness to confront all difficulties and obstacles without hesitation. His resolute determination to fulfill his aspiration for the advancement of Buddhist education catalyzed the inception of the conference: INTERNATIONAL BUDDHISM EDUCATION CONFERENCE. This declaration infused the audience with joy and hope, as they anticipated the imminent realization of this visionary endeavor.

The distinguished guests in attendance included Professor and scholar Le Manh That, who served as the Chairman of the Conference. Among the revered figures present were Most Venerable Thich Phap Tanh, Most Venerable Thich Minh Tuyen, Most Venerable Thich Vien Ly, Most Venerable Thich Quang Thanh, Venerable Thich Nhu Minh, and Venerable Thich Nguyen Tam. Additionally, honorable monks and nuns from the board of directors and the board of Dharma teachers at Bo De Phat Quoc – Bodhi Buddharealm Society graced the event. Notably, more than 90 venerable monks and nuns from Orange County, California, enriched the gathering with their presence. The presence of the Mayor of Westminster, Ta Duc Tri, and elected officials from the city of Santa Ana further underscored the significance of the occasion.

In his opening address, Venerable Thich Huyen Chau, head of the organizing committee and director of Bo De Phat Quoc, conveyed profound appreciation to the Venerable monks and nuns for their support. Additionally, Venerable Thich Huyen Chau expressed heartfelt gratitude to the elected officials from the cities of Santa Ana and Westminster, as well as representatives from various associations, unions, organizations, radio and television agencies, newspapers, and fellow Buddhists in attendance.

Venerable Thich Huyen Chau underscored the critical importance of finalizing a comprehensive Buddhist studies curriculum, noting: “The Vietnamese Buddhist community has been a vibrant presence in Southern California, USA, for over four decades, engaging in a rich tapestry of Buddhist cultural activities. We have inherited the profound teachings of both the Theravada and Mahayana systems, which have been transmitted for over 2,600 years. With the benevolent guidance of the Venerable monks and nuns, the establishment of Bo De Phat Quoc, along with the Intermediate Class, occurred two years ago. While our classes have integrated elements from both the Theravada and Mahayana traditions, our curriculum remains primarily internal. To realize our aspiration of establishing a Buddhist university, it is imperative that we develop an ideal curriculum that encompasses the breadth and depth of Buddhist teachings”.

Following this, Venerable Thich Vien Ly provided guidance to the attendees of the ceremony, followed by insights offered by Venerable Thich Quang Thanh. Subsequently, Venerable Thich Phap Tanh and Venerable Thich Minh Tuyen shared their perspectives with the audience. Mayor Ta Duc Tri then conveyed his endorsement of the impactful endeavors within the Buddhist community of Southern California. He further expressed admiration for the sincere and meaningful statements made by Venerable Thich Huyen Chau, expressing his affinity for Buddhist philosophies. Following the ceremony, a brief intermission was observed to facilitate preparations for the afternoon workshop.