The inaugural topic delved into the historical evolution of Buddhist education, tracing its roots from viharas and monasteries. The discussion encompassed the trajectory of Buddhist education in India, as well as its manifestations in regions adhering to both the Theravada and Mahayana traditions.
The subsequent topic introduced Nalanda Buddhist University (427 – 1197 C.E.), followed by an exploration of the educational methodologies employed at this ancient institution. Additionally, there was a discourse on contemporary approaches to Buddhist education abroad. This presentation served as a significant highlight for the International Buddhist Education Conference, as it showcased the remarkable achievements of Nalanda University during the 5th century. Despite primitive and limited technological resources, the institution attracted tens of thousands of students and professors. These discussions instilled a profound sense of belief among attendees in the pivotal role of education, both in general and within the context of Buddhist education, as an indispensable precursor to societal development.
During this presentation, a thought-provoking question arose from the Director: “With such an expansive perimeter and impressive structure, how was economic sustenance managed?” This query was both practical and pertinent. The response provided was clear-cut: the esteemed Buddhist University received financial backing from contemporary dynasties. The Director’s question struck a chord with all attendees, carrying implications for the future trajectory of Buddhist education in the United States.
The subsequent discussion focused on the topic of “PAST AND PRESENT BUDDHISM CURRICULUM,” presented by Nun Tinh Quang. In her discourse, the nun articulated two primary concepts: firstly, the imperative of aligning the propagation of Dharma and education with contemporary fundamentals, circumstances, and methodologies, termed as New Buddhism; secondly, she provided a succinct overview of the trajectory of Buddhist education in Vietnam from its inception to the present day. Despite the constraints of time, Nun Tinh Quang endeavored to condense for the audience a comprehensive overview of the continuum and legacy inherent in the evolution of Buddhist education in Vietnam. Particularly noteworthy was the zenith reached by Van Hanh University in the 1960s, underscoring the hope that insights gleaned from this Workshop will inform the future compilation of textbooks for Bo De Phat Quoc.
Following Nun Tinh Quang’s presentation, Ven. Thanh Nguyen elucidated on the topic of “THREE PRINCIPLES OF BUDDHISM EDUCATION“, positing that successful education must adhere to three foundational principles:
- Who are my students? (Understanding the student’s level)
- What do they need? (Identifying the students’ requirements)
- What do We want them to learn? (Defining the learning objectives)
As a young monk distributing the Dharma’s understanding overseas, Ven. Thanh Nguyen offered a fresh perspective on the future of Buddhist education. His presentation was deemed elaborate and innovative, aiming to encourage contemporary practitioners in Buddhist education to align with the authentic principles of Dharma while catering to the needs and trends of modern society. It is essential that the Dharma concepts translate into practical and beneficial initiatives for people in the present era. By diligently applying these principles, Buddhist education can undoubtedly reach its zenith in the present time.
During this discussion, Nun Tien Lien posed an intriguing question: “Do you employ the method of comparing life and religion? Have you conducted any research to ascertain the needs of young people, enabling monks and nuns to address them effectively?” In response, Ven. Thanh Nguyen acknowledged the significance of the query, acknowledging the existence of a generation gap. He admitted to not having researched this topic yet, highlighting the necessity of a collaborative research project involving multiple stakeholders.
Additionally, Master Hanh Tue from Phat Da Pagoda prepared a presentation titled “Some Suggestions for the Direction of Vietnamese Buddhist Education in the United States.” However, due to prior commitments, Master Hanh Tue could not attend the conference in person. Nonetheless, he sent in his research, which was presented to the audience by Master Minh Hanh. The paper served as a comprehensive guide for establishing an ideal educational framework. Master Hanh Tue’s discussion revolved around five fundamental inquiries:
- Target audience
- Purpose
- Curriculum Content
- Participant benefits
- Study environment
These recommendations are indispensable for the teachers on the Board of Directors of the Bo De Phat Quoc Institute to explore and integrate into the future model of Buddhist education.
The subsequent speaker at the Conference was Master Minh Khanh, who addressed the topic: “WHAT ARE THE TEACHINGS OF THE BUDDHA?” The question posed by Master Minh Khanh to the congregation was how we can accurately discern the teachings of the Buddha, thereby avoiding confusion and misunderstandings that may result in erroneous perceptions and practices. The master outlined six characteristics of the Buddhist Dharma to facilitate the accurate recognition of the Buddha’s teachings:
- Effective Dharma dissemination
- Practical Dharma guidance applicability in the present
- Perpetuity
- Invitation to firsthand experience
- Capacity for guiding spiritual growth
- Intelligibility to discerning minds
During the discussion question regarding the six characteristics, “In your opinion, which one is most applicable for today’s era?” Ven. Minh Khanh responded, “We assert that the Buddha’s teachings are intended to provide guidance for life, drawing from the wisdom found in the Sutras, rather than simply fitting life into the confines of the Sutras.”
The final and pivotal speaker on the inaugural day of the conference was Ven. Thich Huyen Chau, the director of the Bo De Phat Quoc Institute and the head of the conference organizing committee. He addressed the topic: “BUILDING A BUDDHISM UNIVERSITY IN AMERICA: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES.” With fervor and determination, the Director articulated the vision for establishing Buddhism in foreign lands. During his speech, he outlined five opportunities and six challenges that must be surmounted to establish a Vietnamese Buddhist University in America, meeting American standards, within the next 6 to 10 years.
The Director’s unwavering commitment to sacrifice everything to achieve this goal deeply resonated with the entire audience, evoking profound emotions and admiration. He expressed his readiness to confront all difficulties and obstacles without hesitation. His resolute determination to fulfill his aspiration for the advancement of Buddhist education catalyzed the inception of the conference: INTERNATIONAL BUDDHISM EDUCATION CONFERENCE. This declaration infused the audience with joy and hope, as they anticipated the imminent realization of this visionary endeavor.